Gremi Fortress: The Lost Capital of Kakheti

Perched on a hilltop overlooking the vast Alazani Valley, Gremi Fortress stands as a poignant reminder of a once-great capital. This medieval citadel complex offers both fascinating history and some of the most spectacular views in Kakheti.

The Rise and Fall of Gremi

Gremi served as the capital of the Kingdom of Kakheti from the 15th to the 17th century. At its peak, the city was a major trading center on the Silk Road, with a population of over 100,000. Merchants from Persia, India, and Europe traded goods in its bustling markets.

The city's prosperity ended abruptly in 1615 when Shah Abbas I of Persia invaded, destroying the city and massacring its inhabitants. The capital was moved to Telavi, and Gremi was never rebuilt.

What to See

• Church of the Archangels: The 16th-century church features beautiful frescoes and the royal burial vault
• Royal Tower: Climb to the top for 360-degree views of the valley
• Wine Cellar: The restored medieval marani (wine cellar) shows how wine was stored
• Museum: Small but informative displays about the site's history

Visiting Information

• Hours: 10:00 AM - 6:00 PM daily
• Entry: 5 GEL
• Distance from Telavi: 18 km northwest

Gremi is easily combined with visits to Nekresi Monastery and local wineries. Hotels like Kavkasioni 33 can arrange day trips covering these attractions.